Steven Spielberg

American producer, director, scenario writer. Was born in Tsinntsinati (state of Ohio), in family of electrician and professional pianist. But a mother had to put the thought out of head about a career for the sake of education of four children – Stephen, Ann, Sue and Nancy. Soon family moves to Phoenix (the state is Arizona) is a deaf provincial small town, where Stephen went out into school. He was the unique jew in a class, that did a boy the enough reserved child, uncertain in itself, physically weak, aloof prepotent and feel legs, coevals. He often was at a home and wached TV, that, apparently, affected world views of child. And when from a father he got a portable 8-millimetric movie camera in a gift, it appeared so successful gift, that after a while for Stephen a nickname appeared "man-movie camera". He took off everything and all. After a few months a newly producer already tries to make short folms with actors. Even tries to do the films of horrors in which in place of blood utillizes cherry juice. In 12 years he – student of California State College – first took part in the youth competition of amateur films. In the first in his life competition a boy wins, imagining on the court of judge the 40-minute picture war "Escape to nowhere" (1960), actors was his parents and sisters.

On March, 24, 1963 an unusual premiere took a place in a local movie theatre – a two-hour film "The Celestial fires", taken off local schoolboys at the head with Stephen Spielberg, telling history of theft of people aliens for the use them in a space zoo. The parents of Stephen financed a picture: about 600 dollars were inlaid in a project + free feeding of film crew from a mother + help in building of models from a father.

In California, where Spielberg family moved, Stephen twice tried to enter cinema school at University of South California. Twice he was rejected with a resume – "too untalented". Then he enters technical college, and out of term makes a 20-minute movie "Emblin", which became his springboard in the large cinema. In 1969 a company "Universal" after viewing of "Emblin" concludes with a young producer a contract on the first episode of new serial "The Nightly gallery" (1969). And in two years he makes a first full-length movie "Duel" (1971). A picture is created for television, conquering Grand Prix on the just created festival of fantastic films "Avoriaz", it was carried on a large screen after the success. For "Duel" the story of Richard Matheson, which in same queue was written, served basis, leaning against the real case. In a picture as main acting persons two cars were taken off: miniature car and large petrol tanker which pursues a small child all of time, aiming to destroy it.

In 1975 Spielberg "gives out next sensation – film-catastrophe bringing it to the creator's enormous income. A ribbon became the third in a rental on results 70th, collecting 260 million dollars, and if to count taking into account inflation, a picture is now on a sixth place in all history of the American cinema, being a cash desk among cinematographic works, suggesting fear. History of the small American town which terrorizes enormous white shark-cannibal found the continuation as early as three films: "Jaws-2" (1978, Dzhennot Shvarts), "Jaws-3" (1983, Joe Elvis) and "Jaws: Revenge" (1987, Joseph Sardzhent).

In 1977 a next surprise is a serious, "intellectual" (on the exact remark of Leonard Moltina) science fiction film "The Near contacts of the third degree" about the attempt of establishment of direct contacts with extraterrestrial civilization. Before creation of picture of Spielberg carefully studied many lectures, any accessible information about UFO, personally met with people, which, according to them, ran into new-comers. The "special release" of this film goes out in 1980.

It on three minutes shorter, but with changes in a finale: terrestrials all the same is included in the spaceship of new-comers, where handing down "divine" light and dim outlines of alien creature see.

After four years Spielberg by a picture "Seekers of the lost ark" (1981) begins the famous series about Indiana Jones – teacher of archaeology of one of the American colleges of 30th, and his fantastic trips in remote corners sew on planets. These three "comics" yet more strengthened reputation of producer, as creator a spectacle, unchanging excellent and, mainly, the cash cinema. Other films of series are "Indiana Jones and temple of fate" (1984) and "Indiana Jones and last cross hike" (1989). On the surveys of the second part of series about "Indy" (so Americans christened Indiana Jones) a producer close meets with taken off in a film Katy Keypshou. But only on October, 12, 1991 they married and a young actress for the sake of husband almost gave up the career. The former wife Spielberg Amy Irving (also actress, on which Spielberg married in 1985) as a result of divorce in 1989 lost a husband, but purchased the 100 million dollars.

Interestingly, that on the terms of marriage contract, Katy can get 20 million dollars, if will wish to divorce after five years of joint life.

In 1982 on the American screens a ribbon begins to be demonstrated "And. Т.: Alien", which it was fated to become one of the best fantastic ribbons in all history of the world cinema. A scenario to the picture of С. Спилберг together with Melissa Metison began to write as early as time of surveys of the first part of trilogy about Indiana of Dzhonse. Movie was made a during eight months, and in May, 1982 the first viewing took a place "And. Т.: of Alien", becoming the start of victory procession of this generally child's film on the screens of the world.

80th for Spielberg were the family a ground for new experiments and creation of pictures of quite another plan. He also much producers, being a proprietor created them in 1984 of firm "Amblin Entertainment", which in same queue helped to go out to the wide spectator of such now known producers, as Joe Dante, Lendis, Tub Khoper, Robert Zemekis, Miller. Spielberg begins to make movies deprived the external entertaining, adventurousness, without the use of modern computing tricks. It is such pictures, as "Colour purple" (1985, on the novel of Alice Volker), "Empire of a Sun" (1987, on the autobiographic novel of James Ballard), "Always" (1989). Interestingly, that a film "Colour is purple" is marked in "Book of records of Guineas" as a picture, having a most number of nominations and not a single bonus "Oscar" (together with a picture there is the "Zero hour", USA, 1977). Both ribbons were pulled out for to 11 nominations, but bonuses did not get so. Besides it picture of Spilberga "Empire of a Sun" how hardly not vper

A return to the spectacle cinema happened in rimeyk of full-length Disney cartoon "Peter Pen" (1953) – to the picture under the name "Hook" (1991) about a spiteful one-armed pirate Hook for which Peter of Pen as a nail is in one place. With this film new flight of popularity of Stephen Spielberg, which was fastened history about the park of dinosaurs, recovered in our days on a genetic code, was begun. Going out the summer of 1993 a film "Park of Jurassic period" becomes another sensation. One only cash collections brought the about milliard (!) of dollars all over the world, and receipt from the sale of video cassettes brought the half of this sum yet. Skive "Park of Jurassic period 2: The forgotten world" (1997) continuing history of park of dinosaurs collected 230 million dollars "only". In third of part is "Park of Jurassic period 3" (2001, producer Joe Dzhonston) – Stephen Spielberg comes forward only as a producer. But an already next film "List of Swindler", taken off on the book of Thomas Kennelly "Ark of Swindler", becomes the possessor of 7 premy.

To beginning of 1998 Spielberg became the rich figure of industry of entertainments (313 million dollars, and to 2001 – already about 2 milliards). His joint with two other magnates – former producer of studio "Walt Disney" Jeffrey Katzenberg and musical producer David Geffen – the film studio of "Dreamworks SKG" collected turns gradually, producing beautiful full-length cartoons ("Prince of Egypt") and "oskars" pictures ("Beauty in an American way", "Hannibal").

In 1999 of producer name the best producer of ХХ age, and in 2001 a queen Elisabeth makes Spielberg in knights "for an invaluable contribution to development of Britannic film industry".

In 2000 С. Spielberg set to work above a fantastic film on the Fillip story "Minority Report" is Wild with Tom Crusoe topside, but after death Stanley Kubrick he set aside the prosecution of this film. Spielberg, friend and student of famous producer, began surveys planned crew's Quarters in extreme moment's fantastic ribbon "Artificial reason". For the sake of this film Spielberg also renounced and from advantageous in all respects "Harry Potter". A picture is "Artificial reason", going out on the screens of June, 29, 2001, turned out enough quite good, but in the American rental failed, but due to world premieres it was succeeded to collect more than 150 millions lick. Interestingly, what only in Japan a film collected 78 million dollars. History of five-year boy-android which most on light wants to become a man and aimed' real family calls with the subjects of such fantastic ribbons, as well as of alien" that Spielberg and "Bicentenary man" of Chris Columbus. Going out in a year film "Special opinion", not causing the storm of delight in a world rental, vice versa, in a national rental exceeded the budget of picture on three ten of millions. But, looking back, understand that these two pictures at all of the magnificent special effects and income, are not programmatic in the career of Spielberg and in any way by not masterpieces from point of the world cinema.

Can partly from this Spielberg do a sharp turn and makes a movie, subject to which Leonardo di Kaprio offered to him on some information. on December, 25, 2002 the premiere of new film Spielberg took a place "Catch me, if able", with Leonardo Di Kaprio and Tom Checksum in leading roles. In a picture, based on the real events of beginning of 60th of ХХ age, told about a young brilliant swindler, swindler of higher test Frank Ebegneyle, which due to the mind and driving never was imprisoned. And if to him on a tail, like "fish-bore", the agent of FBI Joe Shaye, this buried oneself lad, did not sit down would become the criminal of higher test. Interestingly, that the prototype of hero, real Frank Ebegneyl, writing once book on the stormy youth, worked at Spielberg in this picture by a consultant.

Filmography

Fantastic

• 1963 - Firelight – producer
• 1969 - Night Gallery – director
• 1971 - Duel – director
• 1972 – Something Evil – director (telefilm)
• 1977 – Close Encounters of the Third Kind – director, author of scenario
• 1979 – 1941 – director
• 1980 – Close Encounters of the Third Kind: Special Edition – director, special effects
• 1981 – Raiders of the Lost Ark – director
• 1982 – E. T.: The Extra-Terrestrial – director, producer
• 1982 – Poltergeist – one of authors of scenario
• 1983 – Twilight Zone – The Movie – director, producer one of fourth episodes – Kick The Can
• 1984 – Gremlins – producer
• 1984 – Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom – director
• 1985 – Back to the Future – executive producer
• 1985 – The Goonies – executive producer, author of scenario
• 1985 – Amazing Stories – producer one of episodes
• 1985 – Amazing Stories, Book 1 – producer, director one of two episodes –The Mission:
• 1986 – Amazing Stories, Book 2 – producer
• 1986 – Amazing Stories, Book 3 – producer
• 1986 – Amazing Stories, Book 4 – producer
• 1986 – Amazing Stories, Book 5 – producer
• 1987 – * batteries not included – executive producer, author of scenario
• 1987 – Harry and the Hendersons – producer
• 1987 – Innerspace – executive producer
• 1988 - The Land Before Time – executive producer (cartoon)
• 1988 – Who Framed Roger Rabbit – executive producer
• 1989 – Back to the Future, Part II – executive producer
• 1989 – Honey, I Shrunk the Kids – producer
• 1989 – Always – director, producer
• 1989 – Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade – director
• 1989 – Amazing Stories: The Movie – director one of two episodes – The Mission
• 1989 – Amazing Stories: The Movie 2 – director one of four episodes of TV serial:
• 1990 – Arachnophobia – executive director
• 1990 – Back to the Future, Part III – executive director
• 1990 – Gremlins 2: The New Batch – executive director
• 1991 – Hook – director
• 1993 – Jurassic Park – director
• 1993 – We're Back: A Dinosaur's Story – executive producer (cartoon)
• 1994 – The Flintstones – executive producer
• 1995 – Casper – executive producer
• 1997 – Jurassic Park 2: Lost World – director, producer
• 2001 – Искусственный интеллект (A. I.: Artificial Intelligence) – director, author of scenario
• 2001 – Jurassic Park III – producer
• 2002 – Minority Report

Unfantastic films

• 1960 – Escape to Nowhere – director
• 1969 – Amblin – director
• 1971 – Columbo: Murder by the Book – director one episode of serial (Colombo)
• 1973 – Ace Eli and Rodger of the Skies – author of topic
• 1973 – Savage – director
• 1974 – The Sugarland Express – director, author of scenario
• 1975 – Jaws – director
• 1978 – I Wanna Hold Your Hand – executive producer
• 1980 – The Blues Brothers – actor
• 1980 – Used Cars – executive producer
• 1981 – Continental Divide – executive producer
• 1982 – Chambre 666 – actor
• 1985 – The Color Purple – director, producer
• 1985 – Young Sherlock Holmes – producer
• 1986 – An American Tail – executive producer (half an animation film)
• 1986 – The Money Pit – executive producer
• 1987 – Empire of the Sun – director, producer
• 1989 – Dad – executive producer
• 1989 – Tummy Trouble – executive producer
• 1990 – Joe Versus The Volcano – executive producer
• 1990 – Listen Up: The Lives of Quincy Jones
• 1990 – Rollercoaster Rabbit – executive producer
• 1990 – Indiana Jones Trilogy – director (documental film)
• 1991 – An American Tail: Fievel Goes West – executive (half animation film)
• 1991 – Tiny Toons Adventures: How I Spent My Vacation – director (cartoon)
• 1992 – The Magical World of Chuck Jones – actor
• 1993 – Schindler's List – director, producer
• 1993 – Trail Mix-Up – executive producer
• 1994 – I'm Mad – executive producer
• 1995 – Balto – executive producer (cartoon)
• 1996 – Director armchair special for Steven Spielberg
• 1997 – Amistad
• 1996 – Twister – executive producer
• 199.. – Animaniaks – director (cartoon)
• 1998 – Saving Private Ryan – director
• 2002 – Catch Me If You Can